FACTS ABOUT - LITHIUM NIOBATE CRYSTAL REVEALED

In 1993 Kuz’minov and Osiko identified the ‘disturbance�?of stoichiometry in LN crystals is primarily due to the deficiency of oxygen in Nb2O5, utilised to be a Uncooked substance initial soften (Czochralski system) [186]. Accordingly, determined by its production technology, niobium pentoxide can adopt a wide range of compositions Nb2O5−x.